Notable Inventions of the 11th Century
Dates for inventions are often controversial. Inventions are often invented by several inventors around the same time, or may be invented in an impractical form many years before another inventor improves the invention into a practical form. Where there is ambiguity, the date of the first working version of the invention is used here.
c. 1000: Pendulum: Ibn Yunus in Egypt
c. 1000: Injection syringe: Ammar ibn Ali al-Mawsili of Iraq
c. 1000: Hypodermic needle: Ammar ibn Ali al-Mawsili
c. 1000: Cataract extraction: Ammar ibn Ali al-Mawsili
c. 1000: Suction: Ammar ibn Ali al-Mawsili
1000: Ligature: Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi (Abulcasis) in Al-Andalus
1000: Adhesive plaster: Abu al-Qasim
1000: Curette: Abu al-Qasim
1000: Retractor: Abu al-Qasim
1000: Lithotomy scalpel: Abu al-Qasim
1000: Surgical catgut: Abu al-Qasim
1000: Surgical hook: Abu al-Qasim
1000: Surgical rod: Abu al-Qasim
1000: Surgical spoon: Abu al-Qasim
1000: Inhalational anaesthetic: Abu al-Qasim
1000: Anaesthetic sponge: Abu al-Qasim
1000: Oral anaesthesia: Abu al-Qasim
1000: Cotton dressing: Abu al-Qasim
c. 1000-1009: Monumental astrolabe: Ibn Yunus
c. 1000-1020: Heliocentric astrolabe: Al-Sijzi
c. 1000-1037: Thermometer: Avicenna (Ibn Sina) in Persia
c. 1000-1037: Essential oil: Avicenna
c. 1000-1048: Orthographical astrolabe: Abū Rayhān al-Bīrūnī in Persia
c. 1000-1048: Planisphere: Abū Rayhān al-Bīrūnī
c. 1000-1048: Star chart: Abū Rayhān al-Bīrūnī
c. 1000-1048: Laboratory flask: Abū Rayhān al-Bīrūnī
c. 1000-1048: Pycnometer: Abū Rayhān al-Bīrūnī
c. 1000-1048: Conical measure: Abū Rayhān al-Bīrūnī
c. 1000-1048: Geared mechanical lunisolar calendar analog computer: Abū Rayhān al-Bīrūnī
c. 1000-1048: Fixed-wired knowledge processing machine: Abū Rayhān al-Bīrūnī
1020: Mechanical astrolabe: Ibn Samh in Al-Andalus
1021: Magnifying glass: Ibn al-Haytham
1021: Curved mirror: Ibn al-Haytham
1021: Pinhole camera: Ibn al-Haytham
1021: Camera obscura: Ibn al-Haytham
1025: Cancer therapy: Avicenna
1025: Hirudotherapy: Avicenna
1025: Medicinal leech: Avicenna
1025: Calcium channel blocker: Avicenna
1025: Pharmacopoeia: Avicenna
1028-1087: Equatorium: Abū Ishāq Ibrāhīm al-Zarqālī (Arzachel) in Al-Andalus
1028-1087: Universal astrolabe: Abū Ishāq Ibrāhīm al-Zarqālī
1031-1095: Raised-relief map: Shen Kuo
1038-1075: Flywheel: Ibn Bassal in Al-Andalus
1041: Movable type printing press: Bi Sheng in China
1044: Hand grenade: Zhen Tian Lei in China
1087: Almanac: Abū Ishāq Ibrāhīm al-Zarqālī
1088: Mechanical clock: Su Song
1088: Clock tower: Su Song
1088: Magnetic compass: Shen Kuo in China
1090: Belt drive: Qin Guan in in China
1090: Chain drive in China
1092: Astronomical clock: Su Song
1094: Printed star chart: Su Song
Coke fuel in China
Complex gearing: Ibn Khalaf al-Muradi in Al-Andalus
Epicyclic gearing: Ibn Khalaf al-Muradi in Al-Andalus
Segmental gearing: Ibn Khalaf al-Muradi in Al-Andalus
Geared mechanical clock: Ibn Khalaf al-Muradi in Al-Andalus
Weight-driven mechanical clock: Arabic engineers
Celestial globe: Arabic astronomers
Clear glass mirror in Al-Andalus
Cobwork in the Maghreb and Al-Andalus