1. On 2 December 1823, a US president told Congress that European powers must not create new colonies in the Americas. What is this policy called?

2. An American abolitionist was hanged on 2 December 1859, after leading a raid on a federal armoury to start a slave uprising. Name him, and the town where the raid took place.

3. On 2 December 1942, scientists achieved the first controlled, self-sustaining nuclear chain reaction, in a squash court under a sports stadium. In which city did it happen, and which Italian physicist led the team?

4. Which country was formed on 2 December 1971, when six emirates on the Persian Gulf joined together?

5. On 2 December 1982, a retired dentist named Barney Clark became the first person to receive a permanent artificial heart. What was the heart called?

6. On 2 December 2010, FIFA announced the hosts of two future World Cups at the same time. Which countries were chosen, and for which years?

7. On 2 December 1697, a great London cathedral held its first service, after being rebuilt following the Great Fire. Name the cathedral and its architect.

8. A French painter born in Paris on 2 December 1859 pioneered painting in tiny dots of colour. Name him, the technique, and his most famous painting of Parisians relaxing on an island in the Seine.

9. Which famous opera soprano was born in New York on 2 December 1923 to Greek parents?

10. A pop star born on 2 December 1981 had a worldwide number one with her very first single in 1998. Name the singer and the single.