1. The Second World War began in Europe on 1 September 1939, when a German battleship opened fire on a Polish military post near Danzig (Gdańsk). Name the Polish post, and the battleship.

2. On 1 September 1914, a bird called Martha died at Cincinnati Zoo. Why was her death so significant?

3. Which French king died on 1 September 1715, after the longest reign of any sovereign monarch in history (72 years)?

4. On 1 September 1985, a joint American-French expedition found a famous shipwreck on the floor of the North Atlantic. Name the ship, and the American oceanographer who led the search.

5. On 1 September 1969, a 27-year-old army officer seized power in Libya, overthrowing its king. Name the officer, and the king.

6. On 1 September 1972, an American became world chess champion in Reykjavík, defeating the Soviet title holder. Name both players.

7. Which two Canadian provinces were created on 1 September 1905?

8. A German composer born in Siegburg on 1 September 1854 wrote an opera based on a Grimm fairy tale about two children and a witch. Name him and the opera. Bonus: which British pop singer later borrowed his name?

9. An American author born on 1 September 1875 created a hero raised by apes in the African jungle. Name the author and the hero.

10. A boxer born on 1 September 1923 is the only heavyweight champion to retire undefeated. Name him, and his professional record.