An eponymous disease is one that has been named after the person who first described the condition. This usually involves publishing an article in a respected medical journal. Rarely an eponymous disease may be named after a patient (examples include Christmas disease, Lou Gehrig's disease, Hartnup disease and Mortimer's disease).

Related disease namings include place names (Bornholm disease, Lyme disease, Ebola hemorrhagic fever) and even societies (Legionnaires' disease). These, however, are not eponyms.

Eponyms are a longstanding tradition in Western science and medicine. Being awarded an eponym is regarded as an honour: "eponymity, not anonymity, is the standard" (Merton R K, 1973). It is regarded as bad form to attempt to eponymise oneself. At a time when medicine lacked the tools to investigate the underlying causes of many syndromes, the eponym was a convenient mechanism for attaching a label to a disease. In order to freely discuss something, it must have a name.

A

• Aarskog-Scott syndrome ? Dagfinn Aarskog, Charles Scott
• Aase-Smith syndrome ? Jon Morton Aase, David Weyhe Smith
• Abdallat Davis Farrage syndrome ? Adnan Al Abdallat, S.M. Davis, James Robert Farrage
• Abderhalden-Kaufmann-Lignac syndrome ? Emil Abderhalden, Eduard Kauffman, George Lignac
• Abercrombie disease ? John Abercrombie
• Achard-Thiers syndrome ? Emile Achard, Joseph Thiers
• Ackerman tumor ? Lauren Ackerman
• Addison disease ? Thomas Addison
• Adson-Caffey syndrome ? Alfred Adson, I.R. Caffey
• Aicardi syndrome ? Jean Aicardi
• Alagille syndrome ? Daniel Alagille
• Albers-Sch?nberg disease ? Heinrich Albers-Sch?nberg
• Albright syndrome ? Fuller Albright
• Albright-Butler-Bloomberg disease ? Fuller Albright, Allan Macy Butler, Esther Bloomberg
• Albright-Hadorn syndrome ? Fuller Albright, Walter Hadorn
• Alexander disease ? William Stuart Alexander
• Alpers disease ? Bernard Jacob Alpers
• Alport syndrome ? Arthur Cecil Alport
• Alstr?m syndrome ? Carl Henry Alstr?m
• Alzheimer disease ? Alois Alzheimer
• Anders disease ? James Meschter Anders
• Andersen disease ? Dorothy Andersen
• Anderson-Fabry disease ? William Anderson, Johannes Fabry
• Angelman syndrome ? Harry Angelman
• Angelucci syndrome ? Arnaldo Angelucci
• Anton-Babinski syndrome ? Gabriel Anton, Joseph Babinski
• Apert syndrome ? Eug?ne Apert
• Aran-Duchenne spinal muscular atrophy ? Fran?ois-Amilcar Aran , Guillaume Duchenne
• Armanni-Ebstein nephropathy ? Luciano Armanni, Wilhelm Ebstein
• Arnold-Chiari malformation ? Julius Arnold, Hans Chiari
• Arthus phenomenon ? Nicolas Maurice Arthus
• Asherman syndrome ? Joseph G. Asherman
• Asperger syndrome ? Hans Asperger
• Avellis syndrome ? Georg Avellis
• Ayerza syndrome ? Abel Ayerza
• Ayerza-Arrillaga syndrome ? Abel Ayerza, Francisco Arrillaga

B

• Babington disease ? Benjamin Babington
• Babinski sign ? Joseph Babinski
• Babinski-Fr?hlich syndrome ? Joseph Babinski, Alfred Fr?hlich
• Babinski-Froment syndrome ? Joseph Babinski, Jules Froment
• Babinski-Nageotte syndrome ? Joseph Babinski, Jean Nageotte
• Bahima disease
• Baker cyst ? William Morrant Baker
• Bal?'s disease or Balo concentric sclerosis ? J?zsef Bal?
• Bamberger disease ? Heinrich von Bamberger
• Bamberger-Marie disease ? Eugen von Bamberger, Pierre Marie
• Bancroft filariasis ? Joseph Bancroft
• Bang's disease ? Bernhard Bang
• Bankart lesion ? Arthur Bankart
• Banti disease ? Guido Banti
• B?r?ny syndrome ? Robert B?r?ny
• Barlow disease ? Thomas Barlow
• Barlow syndrome ? John Barlow
• Barraquer-Simons syndrome ? Luis Barraquer Roviralta, Arthur Simons
• Barr?-Li?ou syndrome ? Jean Alexandre Barr?, Yang-Choen Li?ou
• Barrett's ulcer ? Norman Barrett
• Bart-Pumphrey syndrome ? R.S. Bart, R.E. Pumphrey
• Bartholin cyst ? Caspar Bartholin
• Bartter syndrome ? Frederic Bartter
• Basedow disease ? Karl Adolph von Basedow
• Basedow syndrome ? Karl Adolph von Basedow
• Bassen-Kornzweig syndrome ? Frank Bassen, Abraham Kornzweig
• Batten disease ? Frederick Batten
• Bazin disease ? Pierre-Antoine-Ernest Bazin
• Becker muscular dystrophy ? Peter Emil Becker
• Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome ? John Bruce Beckwith, Hans-Rudolf Wiedemann
• Beh?et disease ? Hulusi Beh?et
• Bekhterev disease ? Vladimir Bekhterev
• Bell palsy ? Charles Bell
• Benedikt syndrome ? Moritz Benedikt
• Benjamin syndrome ? E. Benjamin
• Berger's disease ? Jean Berger
• Bergeron disease ? Etienne-Jules Bergeron
• Bernard syndrome ? Claude Bernard
• Bernard-Soulier syndrome ? Jean Bernard, Jean Pierre Soulier
• Bernhardt-Roth paraesthesia ? Martin Bernhardt, Vladimir Karlovich Roth
• Bernheim syndrome ? Hippolyte Bernheim
• Besnier prurigo ? Ernest Henri Besnier
• Besnier-Boeck-Schaumann disease ? Ernest Henri Besnier, C?sar Peter M?ller Boeck, J?rgen Nilsen Schaumann
• Biermer anaemia ? Michael Anton Biermer
• Bickerstaff's brainstem encephalitis ? Edwin Bickerstaff
• Bilharzia ? Theodor Maximilian Bilharz
• Bing-Neel syndrome ? Jens Bing, Axel Valdemar Neel
• Binswanger dementia ? Otto Binswanger
• Bland-White-Garland syndrome ? Edward Franklin Bland, Paul Dudley White, Joseph Garland
• Bloom syndrome ? David Bloom
• Blount syndrome ? Walter Putnam Blount
• Boerhaave syndrome ? Herman Boerhaave
• Bogorad syndrome ? F.A. Bogorad
• Bonnevie-Ullrich syndrome ? Kristine Bonnevie, Otto Ullrich
• Bourneville-Pringle disease ? D?sir?-Magloire Bourneville, John James Pringle
• Bowen disease ? John T. Bowen
• Brailsford-Morquio syndrome ? James Frederick Brailsford, Lu?s Morquio
• Brandt syndrome ? Thore Edvard Brandt
• Brenner tumour ? Fritz Brenner
• Brewer kidney ? George Emerson Brewer
• Bright disease ? Richard Bright
• Brill-Symmers disease ? Nathan Brill, Douglas Symmers
• Brill-Zinsser disease ? Nathan Brill, Hans Zinsser
• Briquet syndrome ? Paul Briquet
• Brissaud disease ? ?douard Brissaud
• Brissaud-Sicard syndrome ? ?douard Brissaud, Jean-Athanase Sicard
• Broadbent apoplexy ? William Broadbent
• Brock syndrome ? Russell Claude Brock
• Brodie abscess ? Benjamin Collins Brodie
• Brodie syndrome ? Benjamin Collins Brodie
• Brooke epithelioma ? Henry Ambrose Grundy Brooke
• Brown-S?quard syndrome ? Charles-?douard Brown-S?quard
• Brucellosis ? David Bruce
• Brugada syndrome ? the Brugada brothers
• Bruns syndrome ? Ludwig Bruns
• Bruton-Gitlin syndrome ? Ogden Carr Bruton, David Gitlin
• Budd-Chiari syndrome ? George Budd, Hans Chiari
• Buerger disease ? Leo Buerger
• Bumpke syndrome ? Oswald Conrad Edouard Bumke
• B?rger-Gr?tz syndrome ? Max Burger, Otto Grutz
• Burkitt lymphoma ? Denis Parsons Burkitt
• Burnett syndrome ? Charles Hoyt Burnett
• Byler disease
• Bywaters syndrome ? Eric Bywaters

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