Notable Inventions of the 11th Century

Posted in Science

Dates for inventions are often controversial. Inventions are often invented by several inventors around the same time, or may be invented in an impractical form many years before another inventor improves the invention into a practical form. Where there is ambiguity, the date of the first working version of the invention is used here.

c. 1000: Pendulum: Ibn Yunus in Egypt

c. 1000: Injection syringe: Ammar ibn Ali al-Mawsili of Iraq

c. 1000: Hypodermic needle: Ammar ibn Ali al-Mawsili

c. 1000: Cataract extraction: Ammar ibn Ali al-Mawsili

c. 1000: Suction: Ammar ibn Ali al-Mawsili

1000: Ligature: Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi (Abulcasis) in Al-Andalus

1000: Adhesive plaster: Abu al-Qasim

1000: Curette: Abu al-Qasim

1000: Retractor: Abu al-Qasim

1000: Lithotomy scalpel: Abu al-Qasim

1000: Surgical catgut: Abu al-Qasim

1000: Surgical hook: Abu al-Qasim

1000: Surgical rod: Abu al-Qasim

1000: Surgical spoon: Abu al-Qasim

1000: Inhalational anaesthetic: Abu al-Qasim

1000: Anaesthetic sponge: Abu al-Qasim

1000: Oral anaesthesia: Abu al-Qasim

1000: Cotton dressing: Abu al-Qasim

c. 1000-1009: Monumental astrolabe: Ibn Yunus

c. 1000-1020: Heliocentric astrolabe: Al-Sijzi

c. 1000-1037: Thermometer: Avicenna (Ibn Sina) in Persia

c. 1000-1037: Essential oil: Avicenna

c. 1000-1048: Orthographical astrolabe: Abū Rayhān al-Bīrūnī in Persia

c. 1000-1048: Planisphere: Abū Rayhān al-Bīrūnī

c. 1000-1048: Star chart: Abū Rayhān al-Bīrūnī

c. 1000-1048: Laboratory flask: Abū Rayhān al-Bīrūnī

c. 1000-1048: Pycnometer: Abū Rayhān al-Bīrūnī

c. 1000-1048: Conical measure: Abū Rayhān al-Bīrūnī

c. 1000-1048: Geared mechanical lunisolar calendar analog computer: Abū Rayhān al-Bīrūnī

c. 1000-1048: Fixed-wired knowledge processing machine: Abū Rayhān al-Bīrūnī

1020: Mechanical astrolabe: Ibn Samh in Al-Andalus

1021: Magnifying glass: Ibn al-Haytham

1021: Curved mirror: Ibn al-Haytham

1021: Pinhole camera: Ibn al-Haytham

1021: Camera obscura: Ibn al-Haytham

1025: Cancer therapy: Avicenna

1025: Hirudotherapy: Avicenna

1025: Medicinal leech: Avicenna

1025: Calcium channel blocker: Avicenna

1025: Pharmacopoeia: Avicenna

1028-1087: Equatorium: Abū Ishāq Ibrāhīm al-Zarqālī (Arzachel) in Al-Andalus

1028-1087: Universal astrolabe: Abū Ishāq Ibrāhīm al-Zarqālī

1031-1095: Raised-relief map: Shen Kuo

1038-1075: Flywheel: Ibn Bassal in Al-Andalus

1041: Movable type printing press: Bi Sheng in China

1044: Hand grenade: Zhen Tian Lei in China

1087: Almanac: Abū Ishāq Ibrāhīm al-Zarqālī

1088: Mechanical clock: Su Song

1088: Clock tower: Su Song

1088: Magnetic compass: Shen Kuo in China

1090: Belt drive: Qin Guan in in China

1090: Chain drive in China

1092: Astronomical clock: Su Song

1094: Printed star chart: Su Song

Coke fuel in China

Complex gearing: Ibn Khalaf al-Muradi in Al-Andalus

Epicyclic gearing: Ibn Khalaf al-Muradi in Al-Andalus

Segmental gearing: Ibn Khalaf al-Muradi in Al-Andalus

Geared mechanical clock: Ibn Khalaf al-Muradi in Al-Andalus

Weight-driven mechanical clock: Arabic engineers

Celestial globe: Arabic astronomers

Clear glass mirror in Al-Andalus

Cobwork in the Maghreb and Al-Andalus

 

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