Pauls Quiz 262
1. In September 1759, the British, under the command of General James Wolfe, and the French, led by the Marquis de Montcalm, met in a decisive battle that would determine which colonial power would rule North America. Which two names were given to this battle? One point for each correct answer.
2. Before Prohibition was introduced in 1920, Missouri was second only to California in US wine production. Only one Missouri winery survived during the Prohibition due to a provision in the 18th amendment. What did they sell?
3. Which famous military leader apparently said one June evening after a monumental battle, "Next to a battle lost, the greatest misery is a battle gained."?
4. William of Ockham was an English Franciscan and a philosopher. What was the name of his cutting edge 14th century principle?
5. Based on metric tonnes per year, which four countries do we thank for producing the most hops? One point for each correct answer.
6. "Flemish Bond" and "English Bond" are two methods of doing what?
7. Which Pulitzer prize winning novel, later a film with the same name, uses quotes and illustrations from 'The Ashley Book of Knots' at the beginning of each chapter?
8. Capt. Quint meets a nasty end in which film?
9. Which Lord, whose name is an article of clothing, led the Charge of the Light Brigade "into the jaws of death"?
10. Which US station and research centre, named after a Scottish Royal Navy officer, is the largest community in the Antarctic?
ANSWERS
1. Two answers. The Battle of Quebec and The Battle of the Plains of Abraham
2. Sacramental wine (the St. Stanislaus Novitiate winery run by Jesuits) Sacramental wine, Communion wine or altar wine is grapes and intended for use in celebration of the Eucharist (referred to also as the Lord's Supper or Holy Communion). The same wine, if intended for use in ceremonies of non-Christian religions or for ordinary use, would not normally be described by these terms.
3. The Duke of Wellington (after the Battle of Waterloo)
4. Ockham's RazorOccam's razor (also written as Ockham's razor and in Latin lex parsimoniae, which means 'law of parsimony') is a problem-solving principle devised by William of Ockham (c. 1287–1347), who was an English Franciscan friar and scholastic philosopher and theologian. The principle states that among competing hypotheses that predict equally well, the one with the fewest assumptions should be selected. Other, more complicated solutions may ultimately prove to provide better predictions, but—in the absence of differences in predictive ability—the fewer assumptions that are made, the better. The application of the principle can be used to shift the burden of proof in a discussion. However, Alan Baker, who suggests this in the online Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, is careful to point out that his suggestion should not be taken generally, but only as it applies in a particular context, that is: philosophers who argue in opposition to metaphysical theories that involve an allegedly "superfluous ontological apparatus."
5. Four answers. In order; Germany, USA, China and the Czech Rep.
6. Bricklaying
7. The Shipping News The Shipping News is a novel by American author E. Annie Proulx, published by Charles Scribner's Sons in 1993. It won both the Pulitzer Prize and the U.S. National Book Award, as well as other awards. It was adapted as a film of the same name, released in 2001.
8. Jaws
9. Lord CardiganLieutenant General James Thomas Brudenell, 7th Earl of Cardigan, KCB (1797 – 1868), was an officer in the British Army who commanded the Light Brigade during the Crimean War. He led the Charge of the Light Brigade at the Battle of Balaclava. Throughout his life in politics and his long military career he characterised the arrogant and extravagant aristocrat of the period. His progression through the Army was marked by many episodes of extraordinary incompetence, but this can be measured against his generosity to the men under his command and genuine bravery. As a member of the landed aristocracy he had actively and steadfastly opposed any political reform in Britain, but in the last year of his life he relented and came to acknowledge that such reform would bring benefit to all classes of society.
10. McMurdo McMurdo Station is a U.S. Antarctic research center on the south tip of Ross Island, which is in the New Zealand-claimed Ross Dependency on the shore of McMurdo Sound in Antarctica. It is operated by the United States through the United States Antarctic Program, a branch of the National Science Foundation. The station is the largest community in Antarctica, capable of supporting up to 1,258 residents, and serves as the United States Antarctic science facility. All personnel and cargo going to or coming from Amundsen–Scott South Pole Station first pass through McMurdo.